Rationale: Degree of pain is directly related to extent of circulatory deficit, inflammatory process, degree of tissue ischemia, and extent of edema associated with thrombus development. Pain/discomfort relieved Engage in behaviors/activities to enhance tissue perfusion. Another risk factor is poor skin cleansing technique before cannula insertion. Infection control measures are essential in the fight against disease-causing microbes, and in the delivery of a high-quality, effective healthcare service. Evidence suggests that the addition of drugs such as heparin and hydrocortisone can reduce the incidence of phlebitis (Ikeda et al, 2004); patients on intravenous steroid therapy have a lower incidence of phlebitis (Kohno et al, 2009). Rationale: Dehydration increases blood viscosity and venous stasis, predisposing to thrombus formation. Nursing Care Plan for Postpartum Hemorrhage, Nursing Care Plan Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | Risk for Fetal Injury, Nursing Care Plan for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Nursing Care Plan for Postpartum Thrombophlebitis. Note guarding of extremity. Provide information and emotional support. Complications prevented/resolved Phlebitis has been linked with inappropriate catheter insertion sites and inappropriate catheter usage. TPN is hypertonic but its osmolarity can be adjusted without affecting the pharmacodynamics of the solution, which, alongside the addition of drugs such as heparin, has been shown to increase the life of a fine bore midline cannula (Catton et al, 2006). Note: Some physicians believe that elevation may potentiate release of thrombus, thus increasing risk of embolization and decreasing circulation to the most distal portion of the extremity. Redness, heat,tenderness, and localized edema are characteristic of superficial involvement. A recognised associated risk factor is phlebitis. 2. Inactivity, such as being bedridden after trauma or surgery, is a major cause of blood clots. Nursing diagnosis for postpartum thrombophlebitis: altered peripheral tissue perfusion may be related to interruption of venous flow possibly evidenced by edema of affected extremity; erythema (superficial thrombophlebitis) or pallor and coolness (DVT), diminished peripheral pulses, pain. Rationale: Causes vasodilation, which increases circulation, relaxes muscles, and may stimulate release of natural endorphins. Peripheral venous catheter-associated phlebitis is caused by inflammation to the vein at a cannula access site. While approximately 50% of clients with DVT are asymptomatic, DVT is more serious in terms of potential complications, including PE, postphlebotic syndrome, chronic venous insufficiency, and vein valve destruction. Journal of Infusion Nursing; Supplement 34: 1s. Clinical staff, especially those in close physical contact with patients, can act as a portal for disease-causing organisms, facilitating their spread between patients and the clinical environment.

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