Read the last paragraph on page three and the beginning of page 4, how does Cassius Clay plan to remove slavery? In 1833, Clay helped to broker a deal in Congress to lower the tariff gradually. His supporters included the National Republicans, who were beginning to identify as "Whigs" in honor of ancestors during the Revolutionary War. David Wilmot, a Northern congressman, had proposed preventing the extension of slavery into any of the new territory in a proposal referred to as the "Wilmot Proviso".[37]. He soon established a reputation for his legal skills and courtroom oratory. Because Dupuy refused to return voluntarily to Kentucky, Clay had his agent arrest her. [20] His term ended before his thirtieth birthday. He opposed the annexation of Texas and expansion of slavery into the Southwest. [7] His father, a Baptist minister nicknamed "Sir John," died four years after the boy's birth (1781). There he became friends with George Wythe. He was viewed as the primary representative of Western interests in this group, and was given the names "Henry of the West" and "The Western Star. Senators, along with Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, Robert La Follette, and Robert A. (1911). He was named after a white Republican abolitionist from his hometown of Louisville, KY. Cassius Marcellus Clay – The Lion of White Hall Cassius Marcellus Clay (October 19, 1810 – July 22, 1903), nicknamed The Lion of White Hall, was a Kentucky planter and a Republican politician who worked for the abolition of slavery. It made him a martyr to the antislavery cause and was instrumental in heightening sectional animosities that … Finally, a national bank would stabilize the currency and serve as the nexus of a truly national financial system. This led Ali to conclude: "Why should I keep my white slavemaster's name visible and my black ancestors invisible, unknown, unhonored?"[25][26][27]. Recalled to the United States in 1862 to accept a commission from Lincoln as a major general with the Union Army, Clay publicly refused to accept it unless Lincoln would agree to emancipate slaves under Confederate control. They opposed the "tyranny" of Jackson, as their ancestors had opposed the tyranny of King George III. [14], In 1878 after 45 years of marriage, Clay divorced his wife, Mary Jane (Warfield) Clay, claiming abandonment after she no longer would tolerate his marital infidelities. Similar to the Grimke sisters and John Laurens, Cassius M. Clay was a man born into a slave holding family who believed that slavery was wrong and should be abolished. [5]Childhood[edit] Henry Clay was born on April 12, 1777, at the Clay homestead in Hanover County, Virginia, in a story-and-a-half frame house. Clay was physically exhausted; the tuberculosis that would eventually kill him began to take its toll. [37] A more stringent Fugitive Slave Act. [20], Herman Heaton Clay, a descendant of African-American slaves, named his son Cassius Marcellus Clay—who was born nine years after the death of the emancipationist—in tribute to him. Later, Clay founded the Cuban Charitable Aid Society to help the Cuban independence movement of José Martí. Cassius Clay died at his home on July 22, 1903 of "general exhaustion." The group was made up of both abolitionists from the North, who wanted to end slavery, and slaveholders, who wanted to deport free blacks to reduce what they considered a threat to the stability of slave society. He was instrumental in securing the nomination of Horace Greeley for the presidency. As he was preparing to return to Lexington in 1829, his slave Charlotte Dupuy sued Clay for her freedom and that of her two children, based on a promise by an earlier owner. Henry Clay helped establish and became president in 1816 of the American Colonization Society, a group that wanted to establish a colony for free American blacks in Africa; it founded Monrovia, in what became Liberia, for that purpose. [3] Clay also advocated moving the state capitol from Frankfort to Lexington. Furious, President Jackson threatened to lead an army to South Carolina and hang any man who refused to obey the law. "[33] Clay presided at the founding meeting of the ACS on December 21, 1816, at the Davis Hotel in Washington, D.C. Attendees included Robert Finley, James Monroe, Bushrod Washington, Andrew Jackson, Francis Scott Key, and Daniel Webster. Cassius' sister Elizabeth Lewis Clay (1798–1887) married John Speed Smith, who also became a state and US politician. Cassius Marcellus Clay was born to Sally Lewis and Green Clay, one of the wealthiest planters and slaveholders in Kentucky, who became a prominent politician. Jackson vetoed a bill which would authorize federal funding for a project to construct a road linking Lexington and the Ohio River, the entirety of which would be in the state of Kentucky, because he felt that it did not constitute interstate commerce, as specified in the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. [37] A declaration by Congress that it did not have the authority to interfere with the interstate slave trade. [3], Abraham Lincoln, the Whig leader in Illinois, was a great admirer of Clay, saying he was "my ideal of a great man." The scabbard of Clay's Bowie knife was tipped with silver, and in jerking the Bowie knife out in retaliation pulled this scabbard up so that it was just over his heart. Clay and his wife had eleven children (six daughters and five sons): Henrietta (1800–1801), Theodore (1802–1870), Thomas (1803–1871), Susan (1805–1825), Anne (1807–1835), Lucretia (1809–1823), Henry, Jr. (1811–1847), Eliza (1813–1825), Laura (1815–1817), James Brown Clay (1817–1864), and John Morrison Clay (1821–1887). [3], Clay served in the Mexican–American War as a captain with the 1st Kentucky Cavalry from 1846 to 1847. [11], Clay resigned his commission in March 1863 and returned to Russia, where he served until 1869. Later, as one of the peace commissioners, Clay helped negotiate the Treaty of Ghent and signed it on December 24, 1814. [15], At the 1890 Kentucky Constitutional Convention, Clay was elected by the members as the Convention's President.[16]. Henry Watkins moved the family to Richmond, Virginia. [5], Cassius Clay was an early Southern planter who became a prominent anti-slavery crusader. Lincoln sent Clay to Kentucky to assess the mood for emancipation there and in the other border states. Four major candidates, including Clay, sought the office of president. MEMORIAL ID 55636972, _________________________________________________________. Dubbed the "Great Pacificator," Clay brokered important compromises during the Nullification Crisis and on the slavery issue. Henry was the seventh of nine children of the Reverend John Clay and Elizabeth (née Hudson) Clay. She is interred with her husband in the vault of his monument at the Lexington Cemetery. Cambridge University Press. [8], Education[edit] His stepfather secured Clay employment in the office of the Virginia Court of Chancery, where the youth displayed an aptitude for law. Because of the unusually large number of candidates receiving electoral votes, no candidate secured a majority of votes in the electoral college. John Clay was buried near his home in Hanover County, Virgina in an unmarked grave. Taft. In 1855 Fee founded Berea College, open to all races. [34], In 1840 Henry Clay finally gave Charlotte and her daughter Mary Ann Dupuy their freedom. [3] He held 60 slaves at the peak of operations, and likely produced tobacco and hemp, the two chief commodity crops of the Bluegrass Region. [15] Some years later Thomas Jefferson convinced Clay that Daveiss had been right in his charges. [39] The Omnibus bill, despite Clay's efforts, failed in a crucial vote on July 31 with the majority of his Whig Party opposed. He served three different terms as Speaker of the House of Representatives and was also Secretary of State from 1825 to 1829. Geni requires JavaScript! In November 1972, Joe Biden was elected to the Senate at the age of 29, but he reached his 30th birthday before the swearing-in ceremony for incoming senators in January 1973. Why do you believe he chooses to quote Jefferson at the beginning of the letter? Portrait of Henry Clay By 1824, the unparalleled success of the Democratic-Republican Party had driven all other parties from the field. Clay was so upset that many years later, when he met Burr again, Clay refused to shake his hand. Portrait by Matthew Harris Jouett, 1818 Early years[edit] In the summer of 1811, Clay was elected to the United States House of Representatives. Such an occurrence, however, has not been repeated since. [27][28][29], They each had three turns. He believed in using legal means to eventually abolished [18], First Senate appointment and eligibility[edit] Clay's influence in Kentucky state politics was such that in 1806 the Kentucky legislature elected him to the Senate seat of John Breckinridge. This was partly due to his opposition to President Grant's military interference in Haiti. God bless the Russians. Cassius Clay, as minister to Russia during that time, was instrumental in securing Russia's aid. They included Aaron and Charlotte Dupuy, their son Charles and daughter Mary Ann.[31]. They were instructed that the sealed orders were to be opened only if Britain and France entered the war on the side of the Confederacy. His anti-slavery activism earned him violent enemies. Clay was admitted to the bar to practice law in 1797. [18] Emperor Alexander II of Russia gave sealed orders to the commanders of both his Atlantic and Pacific fleets, and sent them to the East and West coasts of America. John Brown (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist.Brown, who said that speeches, sermons, and petitions were accomplishing nothing, that "moral suasion is hopeless", saw violence as unfortunately necessary if slavery in the United States were … When Federal troops arrived, Clay and his family embarked for Russia. [32] As the Congressional leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, Clay took charge of the agenda, especially as a "War Hawk" supporting the War of 1812 against the British Empire. [3] In 1815, while still in Europe, he helped negotiate a commerce treaty with Great Britain. The Civil War started before he departed and, as there were no Federal troops in Washington at the time, Clay organized a group of 300 volunteers to protect the White House and US Naval Yard from a possible Confederate attack. [42] Clay's headstone reads: "I know no North—no South—no East—no West." He rejoined the Republican party in the campaign of 1884. [40], Clay was given much of the credit for the Compromise's success. Husband of Elizabeth Watkins Clay's American System ran into strong opposition from President Jackson's administration. Lucretia Hart Clay died in 1864 at the age of 83. [16], State legislator[edit] In 1803, although not old enough to be elected, Clay was appointed a representative of Fayette County in the Kentucky General Assembly. In 1833, Clay married Mary Jane Warfield, daughter of Mary Barr and Dr. Elisha Warfield of Lexington, Kentucky. The widow Elizabeth Clay married Capt. [20], When elected by the legislature, Clay was below the constitutionally required age of thirty. This action of the Emperor Alexander II was confirmed in 1904 by Wharton Barker of Pennsylvania, who in 1878 was the financial agent in the United States of the Russian government. [8] Henry Clay was a second cousin of Cassius Marcellus Clay, who became a politician and an abolitionist in Kentucky.
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